Children, youth, and families have unique health needs, which set the foundation for health across the life course; chronic conditions now affect nearly one in three U.S. children, with disproportionate prevalence in those enrolled in Medicaid and CHIP.
Families with Children
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CSBG Reporting Is Burdensome and Does Not Accurately Describe How Funds Are Actually Used
This brief describes the reporting practices used by the Community Services Block Grant (CSBG), the burden associated with the reporting process and the limitations of the resulting information for understanding how CSBG funds are used by eligible entities.
Research Brief
States Increasingly Promote Kinship Care, though Significant Opportunity Remains for Improving Licensing, Definitions, and Reach: Nearly Two-Thirds of Jurisdictions Have Not Yet Amended Title IV-E Plans to Adopt Separate Licensing Standards
This brief explores how states are approaching kinship care by examining states’ definitions of kinship caregivers, the prevalence of children in foster care living with relatives or kin, states’ adoption of separate licensing standards for kinship homes, and states’ participation in kinship navigator programs through the Title IV-E Prevention Services Clearinghouse. Key findings include:
Research Brief
Administrative Costs Drive Foster Care Claims and Are Increasing Per Child as Caseloads Decline: Trends in Title IV-E Foster Care Expenditures FY2019-FY2023
This brief analyzes Title IV-E foster care program reported expenditures and reimbursements using the most recent years of publicly available claims data (from fiscal years 2019 to 2023). The content explores administrative costs, identifies how average monthly costs per child have changed over time, and provides a snapshot of the variation seen across states in FY2023.
Research Brief
Head Start Spending Per Slot Varies Widely Across Grants, Driven in Part by Cost of Living and Local Program Design Factors
This brief presents information on Head Start spending per slot across the country. Key findings include:
Research Brief
Title IV-E Prevention Services Make Up Less Than Two Percent of Overall Program Expenditure Reimbursement Claims: Many States Do Not Claim Expenses at All
This brief, focused on the Title IV-E Prevention Program, explores how states, territories, and Tribes have been engaging in the program since it began. The content highlights the Title IV-E Prevention Services Clearinghouse process, as well as information from jurisdictions’ prevention plans and claimed expenditures. Key findings include:
Report to Congress, Visualization
Welfare Indicators and Risk Factors, Twenty-Fourth Report to Congress
The Welfare Indicators Act of 1994 (Public Law 103-432) requires the Secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services to prepare an annual report to Congress on indicators and predictors of “welfare dependence.” That Act requires the report to include three programs: Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) program (which replaced the Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC)
Research Brief
No State Has Ever Passed the Child and Family Services Reviews: Findings from an Analysis Over the Last 25 Years
This brief synthesizes experiences over the past 25 years of the Child and Family Services Review (CFSR), providing an overview of the process, analyzing collective state performance across rounds, and highlighting costs and challenges. During that time, zero states have passed the CFSR process. Although the process does not seem to be driving program improvement, it is costly and burdensome.
ASPE Issue Brief, Fact Sheet
Health Care and Child Care Costs Contribute to the Unsustainable and Growing Cost of Raising a Family in America
The cost of raising a family in America is high and continues to rise, with inflation rising by 23 percent between 2020 and 2025. For working families, some of the largest nondiscretionary expenses continue to be health care and child care.
Improving Economic Mobility through Child Support: Opportunities for Future Research
This two-pager presents knowledge gaps and research opportunities elevated during a national convening of child support and child poverty experts. The questions under each topic are opportunities where research can support child support program decision-making surrounding current issues elevated during the convening, though they do not cover the only important questions for study.