ASPE Reports
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Report
Training Data for Machine Learning to Enhance Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (PCOR) Data Infrastructure — A Case Study in Tuberculosis Drug Resistance
Executive summary
This report describes the research plan and results of a PCOR project that followed a statement of work defined in an intra-agency agreement (IAA) between the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation (ASPE) and the National Library of Medicine (NLM). ASPE coordinates efforts to build data capacity for patient-centered outcomes research (PCOR). As part of…
Report
Final Report: Training Data for Machine Learning (ML) to Enhance Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (PCOR) Data Infrastructure (ONC)
Executive Summary
Introduction and Background
The Training Data for Machine Learning to Enhance PCOR Data Infrastructure project (hereafter termed the Project) led by the Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology (ONC) conducted foundational work to support future applications of artificial intelligence (AI), specifically focused on machine learning (ML) to further…
ASPE Issue Brief
Variation Across States in Loss of Medicaid Coverage Among Pregnant Beneficiaries with Substance Use Disorders Issue Brief
Using a national Medicaid claims database, this brief estimates the number of pregnant beneficiaries with substance use disorder who lost Medicaid coverage 60 days postpartum at the national and state-level.This brief was compiled and summarized by HHS/ASPE’s Office of Behavioral Health, Disability, and Aging Policy (BHDAP). Additional research in this area is available at the ASPE Behavioral…
Report to Congress
22nd Welfare Indicators and Risk Factors Report to Congress
This report provides welfare dependence indicators through 2019 for most indicators and through 2020 for other indicators, reflecting changes that have taken place since enactment of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (PRWORA) in 1996.
Research Brief
Labor Force Trends of Recently-Arrived Refugees During the COVID-19 Pandemic
This analysis identifies labor force trends of recently-arrived refugees, focused on the period after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic.
ASPE Issue Brief
Updated National Survey Trends in Telehealth Utilization and Modality (2021-2022)
Telehealth utilization has changed over time since the steep increase from the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. This report updates prior findings on national trends of telehealth use through an analysis using the Census Bureau’s Household Pulse Survey data from April 2021 through August 2022. Updated trends show a steady use of telehealth; however, disparities in video telehealth use…
Research Summary
Optimizing Clinical Guidelines to Address Antimicrobial-Resistant Infections: A Conceptual Framework Reflecting Stakeholder Perspectives
Objectives: Clinical guidelines or guidance is an important tool for preventing and treating antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) infections. We sought to understand and support the effective use of guidelines and guidance for AMR infections.Methods: Key informant interviews and a stakeholder meeting on the development and use of guidelines and guidance for management of AMR infections; the interview…
ASPE Issue Brief
Medicaid Enrollees Who are Employed: Implications for Unwinding the Medicaid Continuous Enrollment Provision
Many Medicaid enrollees are employed, and in 2021, 15 percent of working enrollees reported having both Medicaid and employer sponsored health coverage. The intersection between Medicaid and employment has implications for employers and others as the pandemic-related Medicaid continuous enrollment ends.
Database, Dataset
State Level Estimates of Medicaid Enrollees Currently Working and their Demographic Characteristics
ASPE has developed national and state estimates of the number of U.S. residents enrolled in Medicaid, along with data on employment, income, and demographic characteristics of those who are currently working, using the most recent Census data available from the 2021 American Community Survey (ACS).The table shows demographic estimates of currently working Medicaid enrollees including employment…
ASPE Issue Brief
Medicaid After Pregnancy: State-Level Implications of Extending Postpartum Coverage (2023 Update)
This brief provides an overview of the important role Medicaid plays in postpartum maternal health, reviews states’ existing pregnancy-related Medicaid eligibility limits, and assesses the projected eligibility impact if all states were to provide 12 months of postpartum Medicaid eligibility. This Issue Brief updates a previous report that was originally published in December 2021.
Research Brief
Participation in the U.S. Social Safety Net: Multiple Programs, 2019
Safety net programs provide critical support to people during times of economic hardship. Yet the reach and coverage of the safety net, particularly in times of increased need and among economically disadvantaged groups, is not well understood. The U.S. safety net directs resources to address specific needs, and little is known about the share of people who access multiple programs in the social…
Report
Developing and Assessing the Validity of Claims-based Indicators of Frailty & Functional Disabilities in Electronic Health Records
This is the final report of an AHRQ study to address the operational gap between CFIs and EFIs. This project focused on validating an established CFI using linked claims-EHR databases of multiple large health systems. The project provides a systematic approach that health systems can use to examine the quality of the EHR data and prepare it for the application of EFI measures.
Report
Synthetic Health Data Generation to Accelerate Patient-Centered Outcomes Research (PCOR): Final Report
The Synthetic Health Data Generation to Accelerate PCOR project was launched in 2019 by the Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology (ONC). This project is part of ONC’s portfolio of patient-centered outcomes research (PCOR) projects funded by the PCOR Trust Fund that is administered by the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) Assistant Secretary for Planning…
ASPE Issue Brief
FDA User Fees: Examining Changes in Medical Product Development and Economic Benefits
This issue brief provides a primer on FDA user fees, presents findings of how user fees affect the cost of medical product development, and summarizes the research literature on user fees, most notably in expediting medical product development and approval.Related Products:
ASPE Issue Brief
COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy and Reasons for Hesitancy Among Essential and Non-Essential Workers
Using 2021-2022 survey data from the U.S. Census Bureau’s Household Pulse Survey, this ASPE Research Report examined sociodemographic factors and trends in vaccine hesitancy among workers based on the likelihood of exposure risk to SARS-CoV-2. We classified work setting into three categories: essential healthcare, essential non-healthcare, and non-essential. Our findings suggest that vaccine…
ASPE Issue Brief
Health Coverage Under the Affordable Care Act: Current Enrollment Trends and State Estimates
This Issue Brief presents current estimates of enrollment in health insurance coverage obtained through the Affordable Care Act (ACA) Marketplaces, Medicaid expansion, Children's Health Insurance Program, Basic Health Program and the subsequent reductions in state-level uninsured rates since the ACA was implemented in 2014. As of early 2023, the report finds that more than 40 million Americans…
ASPE Issue Brief
Inflation Reduction Act Research Series: Medicare Part D Enrollee Savings from Elimination of Vaccine Cost-Sharing
Effective January 1, 2023, the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) eliminated enrollee cost-sharing for recommended vaccines covered under Medicare Part D. In 2021, 3.4 million people received vaccines under Part D, and annual out-of-pocket costs were $234 million. This translates to nearly $70 in out-of-pocket spending per Medicare enrollee receiving a Part D vaccine that they would not have had to…
Report
2024 HHS Evaluation Plan
The Fiscal Year (FY) HHS 2024 Evaluation plan lists a total of thirty-two (32) evaluations from ten (10) Operating and Staff Divisions across the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). The evaluations include ten (10) new evaluations proposed to start in FY 2024, thirteen (13) on-going evaluations that are described in the FY 2023 plan and nine (9) additional ongoing evaluations not…
ASPE Issue Brief
Children’s Health Coverage Trends: Gains in 2020-2022 Reverse Previous Coverage Losses
This Issue Brief examines children’s health coverage trends using the National Health Interview Survey from 2010 through the third quarter of 2022 and reviews recent research findings from the National Survey of Children's Health on children’s access to and utilization of health care services during this period, including the COVID-19 pandemic. Recent national survey data show that the uninsured…
Report
Factors Contributing to Reductions in Patient Wait Times at Indian Health Service Emergency Department Facilities: A Mixed-Methods Assessment
This ASPE Research Report summarizes findings about factors affecting Emergency Department wait times and Primary Care appointment scheduling intervals, and it describes strategies Indian Health Service (IHS) federal facilities have implemented associated with decreased wait times in Emergency Departments.Available Reports:IHS Wait Times Report